¿Cómo es la alimentación de la población inmigrante residente en España? Resultados a partir de una revisión sistemática / What is the diet of the immigrant population resident in Spain? Results based on a systematic review

La alimentación es uno de los determinantes fundamentales de la salud y se relaciona con factores socioeconómicos y aculturación en inmigrantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la evidencia existente sobre alimentación, nutrición y dieta en población inmigrante en España, según procedencia, valorando la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Se realizó una revisión sistemática que incluyó diecisiete artículos de diseño transversal, el 71% de calidad media y solo uno de calidad excelente; siete sobre población adolescente y diez sobre adultos, con un total de 9.871 participantes. La alimentación de la población inmigrante es heterogénea porque procede de países con características culturales y geográficas diferentes. Los adolescentes tienen una dieta de menor calidad, positivamente asociada con el nivel socioeconómico; la aculturación y el tiempo de residencia se asociaron con aspectos tanto positivos (adquisición de patrones alimentarios más saludables, mejor cumplimiento de algunas recomendaciones de consumo) como negativos (mayor ingesta de carne o bollería, menor consumo de verduras o pescado, entre otros). Los adultos mostraron una distribución más aceptable de macronutrientes pero baja ingesta de micronutrientes e incumplimiento de recomendaciones; el aumento de la aculturación y el tiempo de residencia se relacionó con un patrón dietético más saludable, significativamente asociado con el tipo de trabajo. Los inmigrantes de países mediterráneos muestran una alimentación más saludable que otros grupos, aunque la calidad de su dieta es peor que en el país de origen, mientras que los no mediterráneos mejoran la calidad de su dieta al residir en España

Diet is a principal determinant of health and is interrelated with socioeconomic factors and the acculturation of immigrants. The aim of this study was to examine the existing evidence on food, nutrition, and diet amongst immigrant populations in Spain, its relationships with their countries of origin, and to evaluate the methodological quality of these studies. A systematic review was carried out that included seventeen cross-sectional studies, 71% of them were of average quality and only one was excellent; seven dealt with adolescents and ten dealt with adults, with a total of 9,871 participants. Insights on immigrant diet and nutrition were heterogeneous because the participant groups in these studies were from several different countries, each of which has distinct cultural and geographical characteristics. Adolescent diet was of lower quality, positively correlated to socioeconomic level; acculturation and length of residence were related to both positive (such as healthier dietary patterns, better adhesion to intake recommendations) and negative aspects (higher intake of meat or bakery products, lower intake of vegetables or fish, among others). Adults show a better intake of macronutrients, but a lower intake of micronutrients and non-observance of some intake recommendations; acculturation and length of residence were related to healthier dietary patterns, significantly related to type of employment. Immigrants from Mediterranean countries show a healthier diet than other immigrants, although the quality of their diet is worse than that of their peers in their countries of origin. Finally, the quality of the diet of non-Mediterranean immigrants improves when they become resident in Spain

[What is the diet of the immigrant population resident in Spain? Results based on a systematic review]. / ¿Cómo es la alimentación de la población inmigrante residente en España? Resultados a partir de una revisión sistemática.

Diet is a principal determinant of health and is interrelated with socioeconomic factors and the acculturation of immigrants. The aim of this study was to examine the existing evidence on food, nutrition, and diet amongst immigrant populations in Spain, its relationships with their countries of origin, and to evaluate the methodological quality of these studies. A systematic review was carried out that included seventeen cross-sectional studies, 71% of them were of average quality and only one was excellent; seven dealt with adolescents and ten dealt with adults, with a total of 9,871 participants. Insights on immigrant diet and nutrition were heterogeneous because the participant groups in these studies were from several different countries, each of which has distinct cultural and geographical characteristics. Adolescent diet was of lower quality, positively correlated to socioeconomic level; acculturation and length of residence were related to both positive (such as healthier dietary patterns, better adhesion to intake recommendations) and negative aspects (higher intake of meat or bakery products, lower intake of vegetables or fish, among others). Adults show a better intake of macronutrients, but a lower intake of micronutrients and non-observance of some intake recommendations; acculturation and length of residence were related to healthier dietary patterns, significantly related to type of employment. Immigrants from Mediterranean countries show a healthier diet than other immigrants, although the quality of their diet is worse than that of their peers in their countries of origin. Finally, the quality of the diet of non-Mediterranean immigrants improves when they become resident in Spain.

Declaración de Sant Joan d’Alacant en defensa del acceso abierto a las publicaciones científicas, del Grupo de Editores de Revistas Españolas sobre Ciencias de la Salud (GERECS) / Declaration of Sant Joan d'Alacant in defense of open access to the scientific publications, from the publishers of Spanish journals group on (GERECS) health sciences

No disponible

Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica existente en la base de datos bibliográfica MEDLINE sobre farmacia comunitaria / Bibliometric and thematic analysis of the scientific literature on community pharmacy services, in the MEDLINE bibliographic database

Objetivo: Analizar y caracterizar, mediante técnica bibliométrica, la documentación científica relacionada con la farmacia comunitaria indizada en la base de datos bibliográfica MEDLINE. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos MEDLINE interrogando los términos a estudio en los campos de descriptores, título y resumen; fecha de búsqueda diciembre 2017. Se calculó el tamaño muestral mediante estimación de parámetros poblacionales en una población infinita (n=386). El método de muestreo fue el aleatorio simple sin reposición. Resultados: Se analizaron 386 referencias. El número de originales fue de 308 (79,79%), identificando 215 instituciones, con Índice de Cooperación de 3,66 autores/artículo. El idioma predominante fue el inglés con 354 (91,71%) artículos. La obsolescencia, según el Índice de Burton-Kebler fue de 7 años y el Índice de Price del 33,42%. El núcleo de Bradford lo constituyeron 4 revistas. El descriptor más utilizado fue Community Pharmacy Services (n=300; 20,65%) y el área temática más representada Health Care Category, (n=551; 37,92%). Conclusiones: La producción científica sobre farmacia comunitaria, indizada en la base MEDLINE representa un área de conocimiento de plena vigencia que está iniciando la fase de "explosión de la información", con claro hegemonía anglosajona. Existe buen número de artículos de investigación, pero con relación institucional e índice de colaboración bajos. La clasificación temática se corresponde plenamente con la materia investigada

Objective: Analyze and characterize, through bibliometric technique, the scientific documentation related to community pharmacy indexed in the MEDLINE bibliographic database Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. The data was obtained from the MEDLINE database by interrogating the study terms in the descriptor, title and summary fields. Search date was December 2017. The sample size was calculated by estimating population parameters in an infinite population (n = 386). Sampling method: simple random sample without replacement. Results: A total of 386 references were analyzed. The number of originals was 308 (79.79%), identifying 215 institutions, with a Cooperation Index of 3.66 authors / article. The predominant language was English with 354 (91.71%) articles. The obsolescence, according to the Burton-Kebler Index, was 7 years and the Price Index was 33.42%. The core of Bradford included 4 journals. The most widely used descriptor was "Community Pharmacy Services" on 300 (20.65%) occasions and the most represented theme area Health Care Category, which was repeated 551 (37.92%) times. Conclusions: The scientific production on community pharmacy, indexed in the MEDLINE database, represents a well-known area of knowledge that is starting the "information explosion" phase, with clear Anglo-Saxon hegemony. There are a good number of research articles, but with both, low institutional relationship and collaboration index. The thematic classification is fully concordant with the researched subject

[Bibliometric study of the production and use of the Farmacia Hospitalaria journal (2004-2012)]. / Estudio bibliométrico de producción y consumo de la revista Farmacia Hospitalaria (2004-2012).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific activity and the production of information of the Farmacia Hospitalaria journal as the Spanish scientific publication of reference in the pharmaceutical area. METHODS: Transversal descriptive study of the results obtained from the bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the journal. Data was obtained from direct queries and Internet access to the scientific literature contained in the electronic version of the journal during the 2004-2012 period. RESULTS: During the period studied 756 articles were published. The number of original articles was 258 (34.12%) with a productivity index of 2.40. The number of institutions identified with published articles was 246. The predominant language was Spanish with 733 (96.96%) articles. We counted 1828 keywords, of which 527 (28.83%) coincided with MeSH. The median calculation of the obsolescence of quoted references was 10, and the Price Index was 8.81%. The percentage of selfquotes was 5.18%. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed a low proportion of original articles and an adequate percentage of satisfactory quotable articles. The low percentage of keywords that coincide with Medical Subject Headings is noteworthy. The bibliographical references found in the articles come mainly from the English-speaking area and from journals indexed in the Journal Citation Report. The obsolescence analysis of these references produced high results.

Estudio bibliométrico de producción y consumo de la revista Farmacia Hospitalaria (2004-2012) / Bibliometric study of the production and use of the Farmacia Hospitalaria journal (2004-2012)

Objetivo: Analizar la actividad científica y la producción de información de la revista Farmacia Hospitalaria como publicación científica española de referencia en el área de la farmacia. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal de los resultados obtenidos del análisis bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en la revista, obteniéndose los datos de la consulta directa y acceso, vía Internet, a la literatura científica recogida en la versión electrónica de la revista en el periodo 2004 a 2012.Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado se publicaron 756artículos. El número de originales fue de 258 (34,13%), siendo el índice de productividad de 2,40. Se identificaron 246 instituciones con trabajos publicados. El idioma predominante fue el español con 733 (96,96%) artículos. Se contabilizaron 1828palabras clave, de las cuales 527 (28,83%) se correspondían con MeSH. La obsolescencia de las referencias citadas, medida por la mediana es de 10 y el Índice de Price es del 8,81%. El porcentaje de autocitas fue del 5,18%.Conclusiones: Se comprobó baja proporción de artículos originales y adecuado porcentaje de artículos citables adecuados. Es reseñable el bajo porcentaje de Palabras clave que coinciden con los Medical Subject Headings. Las referencias bibliográficas recogidas en sus artículos proceden mayoritariamente del ámbito anglófono y de revistas indizadas en la Journal Citation Report. El análisis de la obsolescencia de estas referencias dio resultados elevados

Objective: To analyze the scientific activity and the production of information of the Farmacia Hospitalaria journal as the Spanish scientific publication of reference in the pharmaceutical area. Methods: Transversal descriptive study of the results obtained from the bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the journal. Data was obtained from direct querys and Internet access to the scientific literature contained in the electronic version of the journal during the 2004-2012 period. Results: During the period studied 756 articles were published. The number of original articles was 258 (34.12%) with a productivity index of 2.40. The number of institutions identified with published articles was 246. The predominant language was Spanish with 733 (96.96%) articles. We counted 1828 key key-words, of which 527 (28.83%) coincided with MeSH. Themedian calculation of the obsolescence of quoted referenceswas 10, and the Price Index was 8.81%. The percentage of self-quotes was 5.18%. Conclusions: We confirmed a low proportion of original articlesand an adequate percentage of satisfactory quotable articles.The low percentage of keywords that coincide with MedicalSubject Headings is noteworthy. The bibliographical referencesfound in the articles come mainy from the English-speaking areaand from journals indexed in the Journal Citation Report. Theobsolescence analysis of these references produced high results

Cuestionario de calidad de vida relacionado con el estado nutricional (CaVEN) / Quality of life questionnaire related to nutritional status

Objetivo: Construir y validar un instrumento para medir la calidad de vida percibida en relación con el estado nutricional. Material y método: Mediante grupos focales y entrevistas con expertos en nutrición se identificaron las dimensiones con mayor afectación. Tras la prueba de jueces se definió el cuestionario CaVEN. Para su validación se realizó un estudio multicéntrico, participando 7 hospitales españoles. La validez factorial del cuestionario se evaluó mediante análisis factorial exploratorio, solución en componentes principales y rotación varimax; la validez de criterio mediante correlaciones con los Gold standard nutricionales. La fiabilidad se estimó mediante el coeficiente α de Cronbach. Resultados: Se construyó un cuestionario de 26 ítems con 6 dimensiones de salud. Se aplicó a 68 pacientes que fueron valorados en las Unidades de Nutrición. El valor del test KMO fue de 0,756, mostrando que se adecua al modelo de Análisis Factorial. Se comprobó la existencia de direcciones principales de inercia (Bartlett p < 0,01). Las 6 dimensiones presentaron una varianza acumulada del 77,670. Se observó una relación directa entre la Valoración Global Subjetiva y CaVEN (p < 0,01) y entre Mini Nutritional Assessment Short (p = 0,02) lo que se interpretó como a mayor afectación del estado nutricional, peor calidad de vida detectada por el CaVEN. Conclusiones: El cuestionario CaVEN se ha revelado como un instrumento útil para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con el estado nutricional, incluso en colectivos con poca afectación del estado nutricional (AU)

Objective: To build and validate an instrument to measure the perceived quality of life in the nutritional status. Material and methods: By focal groups and interviews with nutrition experts, the dimensions with greater affectation were identified. After the judge test, the CaVEN questionnaire was defined. For its valuation a multicentric study was performed, participating 7 Spanish hospitals. The internal structure of the questionnaire was evaluated by explanatory factorial analysis. Reliability was tested using the Cronbach α coefficient and the validity of the criteria with the nutritional Gold Standards. Results: A questionnaire of 26 items with 6 health dimensions was built. It was applied to 68 patients that were valued in the Nutrition Units. The test KMO was 0.756, showing a good accuracy in the Factorial Analysis. The existence of principal dimension of inertia was found (Bartlett p < 0.01). The 6 dimensions showed an accumulative variance of 77.670. It was observed a direct relationship in the Subjective Global Valuation and CaVEN (p < 0.01) and with the "Mini Nutritional Assessment Short" (p = 0.02), which was interpreted as the greater affectation of the nutritional status, the lower the quality of life detected by the CaVEN. Conclusions: The CaVEN questionnaire has proved a useful tool for assessing the quality of life related to nutritional status, even in groups with little nutritional alterations (AU)

Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica sobre ácidos grasos omega-3 indizada en las bases de datos internacionales sobre ciencias de la salud / Biblometric and thematic analysis on the scientific literatura about omega-3 fattty acids indexed international datebaseson health sciences

Objetivo: Evaluar mediante el análisis bibliométrico y temático la producción científica sobre ácidos grasos omega-3 indizada en las bases de datos internacionales sobre ciencias de la salud, estableciendo a su vez una base comparativa para análisis futuros. Método: Las búsquedas se realizaron, con el Descriptor (MeSH, como Major Topic) "Fatty Acids, Omega-3" desde la primera fecha disponible hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2010. Bases de datos consultadas: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHLy LILACS. Resultados: El artículo original fue la tipología documental más frecuente. La obsolescencia se estableció en 5 años. La distribución geográfica de los autores que aparecen como primer firmante fue estadounidense, estando los artículos escritos predominantemente en inglés. La población a estudio fue el 90,98% (IC95% 89,25-92,71) adultos humanos. Los documentos se clasificaron en 59 áreas temáticas; el tema más estudiado, 16,24% (IC95% 14,4-18,04) relacionado con los ácidos grasos omega-3, fueron las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Conclusión: Este estudio indica que la literatura científica sobre ácidos grasos omega-3 se trata de un área de conocimiento de plena vigencia y actualidad, donde predominan las instituciones anglosajonas y está orientado principalmente al estudio de las enfermedades cardiovasculares (AU)

Objective: To evaluate by bibliometric and thematic analysis the scientific literature on omega-3 fatty acids indexed in international databases on health sciences and to establish a comparative base for future analysis. Method: Searches were conducted with the descriptor (MeSH, as Major Topic) "Fatty Acids, Omega-3" from the first date available until December 31, 2010. Databases consulted: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL and LILACS. Results: The most common type of document was originals articles. Obsolescence was set at 5 years. The geographical distribution of authors who appear as first author was EEUU and the articles were written predominantly in English. The study population was 90.98% (95% CI 89.25 to 92.71) adult humans. The documents were classified into 59 subject areas and the most studied topic 16.24% (95% CI 14.4 to 18.04) associated with omega-3, was cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: This study indicates that the scientific lite - rature on omega-3 fatty acids is a full force area of knowledge. The Anglo-Saxon institutions dominate the scientific production and it is mainly oriented to the study of cardiovascular disease (AU)

Presencia y adecuación de la terminología sobre desórdenes nutricionales y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en las ediciones española e inglesa de la Wikipedia / Presence and adequacy of the nutritional and eating disorders terminology in the spanish and english editions of the Wikipedia

Objetivo: Determinar la presencia y analizar la adecuación de los descriptores sobre los desordenes nutricionales y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en la Wikipedia en español e inglés. Método: Los términos se obtuvieron de los Thesauros: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) y APA-Terms. Se constató la existencia de la terminología accediendo, vía Internet, a las ediciones española e inglesa de la Wikipedia (http://es.wikipedia.org/). La fecha final de la consulta y cálculos fue el 8 de junio de 2012. Resultado: Se identificaron un total de 89 Descriptores, encontrándose 56 (62,92%) de ellos como términos en la Wikipedia: 42 (47,19%) en la edición española y 56 (62,92%) en la inglesa. Existiendo diferencias significativas entre las dos ediciones (chi-cuadrado = 9,41; gl = 1; p < 0,001). Asimismo, se probó diferencias entre las dos ediciones en relación a las referencias contenidas en los términos (t-Student = -2,43; gl = 84,87; p = 0,017). No así en cuanto a la actualidad/obsolescencia de la información, ni en las consultas a los términos. Conclusiones: Las entradas sobre terminología relacionada con los desordenes nutricionales y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria aún no han alcanzado un nivel óptimo. Las diferencias encontradas entre las ediciones española e inglesa de la Wikipedia se deben más a criterios de principios de contenido (existencia del término) que a razones de adecuación de su información. La edición inglesa de la Wikipedia presenta un mayor refrendo científico, a través de las referencias bibliográficas que se citan, que la edición española (AU)

Objective: To determine the presence and to assess the adequacy of the nutritional and eating disorders descriptors in the English and Spanish Wikipedia. Method: The terms were obtained from the thesaurus: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and APA-Terms. The existence of the terms was confirmed accessing to the Spanish and English editions of Wikipedia via the Internet (http://es.wikipedia.org/). The last date for consultation and calculations was June 8, 2012. Results: A total of 89 descriptors were identified, being 56 (62.92%) of them as terms in the Wikipedia: 42 (47.19%) in the Spanish edition and 56 (62.92%) in English. Significant differences between the two editions were assessed (chi-square = 9.41, df = 1, P <0.001). At the same time, differences between both editions according to the number of references in each term were observed (t-Student = -2,43; gl = 84,87; p = 0,017). However, there were not differences in the status of information being update/obsolete, neither in the number of queries. Conclusions: the entries related to nutritional and eating disorders terms have not yet reached an optimum level. Differences between english and spanish Wikipedia editions are more related to criteria of content principles (term existence) than adequacy of information. The English edition of Wikipedia has a more scientific endorsement, through the references cited, than the Spanish edition (AU)

Wikipedia y Wikinutrición; herramientas clave para la promoción global de la nutrición / Wikipedia and wikinutrition; key tools for the global promotion of nutrition

Wikipedia es una enciclopedia editada en colaboración, por voluntarios de todo el mundo, que se ha ido construyendo en la Red desde el año 2003. Actualmente es el sexto sitio más visitado en Internet, lo que la convierte en el mayor éxito de la democracia participativa en el campo de la divulgación de la información. Su edición inglesa, con más de 3 millones de artículos, se ha convertido en una parte indispensable de Internet y la mayor y más popular obra de consulta. En este contexto, se podría afirmar que la Wikipedia se presenta como una valiosa herramienta para el conocimiento general de la terminología sobre las ciencias de la nutrición. A la par, no solo facilita el acceso al conocimiento, sino que es patente su validez para generarlo, socializando este tipo de espacios de colaboración y desarrollo del mismo, contribuyendo, en consecuencia, a la divulgación científica a la sociedad. En consecuencia, en este artículo queremos exponer y discutir las principales características de la Wikipedia. Pero, sobre todo, incidir en su papel en las ciencias de la alimentación y de la nutrición (AU)

Wikipedia is an encyclopedia collaboratively edited by volunteers from around the world built on the Web since 2003. Today is the sixth most visited site on the Internet, making it the biggest hit of participatory democracy in the field of information dissemination. The English edition, with more than 3 million items, has become an indispensable part of the Internet and the largest and most popular reference work. In this context, it could be argued that Wikipedia is a valuable tool for the general knowledge of the nutritional sciences terminology. At the same time, it does not only facilitate access to knowledge but also can generate it. It also permits to socialize these spaces for collaboration and development, contributing therefore to disclose science to the society. Consequently, in this article we present and discuss the main features of Wikipedia, emphasizing above all its role in food science and nutrition (AU)

[Adverse effects of parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: systematic review]. / Efectos adversos de la nutrición parenteral en pacientes oncológicos: revisión sistemática.

Malnutrition in hospitals is of great concern in patients with cancer. This malnutrition in cancer leads to higher risk of complications, and worse response to treatments and outcomes. Parenteral nutrition (PN) in cancer is controversial due to the heterogeneous results found in scientific literature. This is the reason why the evaluation of adverse events of PN, its incidence and severity, is crucial when prescribing PN in cancer patients. This evaluation of adverse events of PN is the aim of the present systematic review of the randomized clinical trials (RCT) written in any language found in several databases. From the 74 articles found in our search, only 13 RCT (18 different types of cancer) met the criteria to be selected for the systematic review. These RCT included 669 patients receiving central PN in whom 225 adverse events (33.63%) of PN were described, and 92 patients with peripheral PN, with 54 adverse events (58.70%). There were no adverse events in a control group of 47 patients receiving parenteral fluids. We conclude that scientific literature is very heterogeneous and evaluate complications of parenteral nutrition only as a secondary aim. We think necessary that further research do define complications of parenteral nutrition homogeneously and study them as a main objective.

Efectos adversos de la nutrición parenteral en pacientes oncológicos; revisión sistemática / Adverse effects of parenteral nutrition in cancer patients; systematic review

La malnutrición hospitalaria tiene gran importancia en los pacientes con cáncer y lleva a mayor riesgo de complicaciones, menor respuesta al tratamiento y peor evolución de los mismos. El empleo de nutrición parenteral (NP) en estos pacientes es controvertida por los resultados heterogéneos publicados en la literatura científica. Éste es el motivo por el que la evaluación de los efectos adversos de la NP, de su incidencia y gravedad, es muy importante a la hora de prescribir una NP en estos pacientes. Esta evaluación de los efectos adversos de la NP es el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática de los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) encontrados en diversas bases de datos y publicados en cualquier idioma. De los 74 artículos encontrados en nuestra búsqueda, sólo 13 ECA (18 tipos diferentes de neoplasias) cumplían los criterios de inclusión para ser seleccionados para la revisión sistemática. Estos ECA incluyeron 669 pacientes con NP central en los que se describieron 225 efectos adversos (33,63%) de la NP, y 92 pacientes con NP periférica, con 54 efectos adversos (58,70%). No hubo efectos adversos en los 47 pacientes del grupo control que recibió fluidoterapia intravenosa. Podemos concluir que los estudios publicados son muy heterogéneos y evalúan las complicaciones de la nutrición parenteral únicamente de forma secundaria. Creemos necesario que futuros ensayos clínicos definan las complicaciones de la nutrición parenteral de forma homogénea y los estudien como objetivo primario (AU)

Malnutrition in hospitals is of great concern in patients with cancer. This malnutrition in cancer leads to higher risk of complications, and worse response to treatments and outcomes. Parenteral nutrition (PN) in cancer is controversial due to the heterogeneous results found in scientific literature. This is the reason why the evaluation of adverse events of PN, its incidence and severity, is crucial when prescribing PN in cancer patients. This evaluation of adverse events of PN is the aim of the present systematic review of the randomized clinical trials (RCT) written in any language found in several databases. From the 74 articles found in our search, only 13 RCT (18 different types of cancer) met the criteria to be selected for the systematic review. These RCT included 669 patients receiving central PN in whom 225 adverse events (33.63%) of PN were described, and 92 patients with peripheral PN, with 54 adverse events (58.70%). There were no adverse events in a control group of 47 patients receiving parenteral fluids. We conclude that scientific literature is very heterogeneous and evaluate complications of parenteral nutrition only as a secondary aim. We think necessary that further research do define complications of parenteral nutrition homogeneously and study them as a main objective (AU)

[Bibliometric and thematic analysis of the scientific literature about omega-3 fatty acids indexed in international databases on health sciences]. / Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica sobre ácidos grasos omega-3 indizada en las bases de datos internacionales sobre ciencias de la salud.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by bibliometric and thematic analysis the scientific literature on omega-3 fatty acids indexed in international databases on health sciences and to establish a comparative base for future analysis. METHOD: Searches were conducted with the descriptor (MeSH, as Major Topic) "Fatty Acids, Omega-3" from the first date available until December 31, 2010. Databases consulted: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL and LILACS. RESULTS: The most common type of document was originals articles. Obsolescence was set at 5 years. The geographical distribution of authors who appear as first author was EEUU and the articles were written predominantly in English. The study population was 90.98% (95% CI 89.25 to 92.71) adult humans. The documents were classified into 59 subject areas and the most studied topic 16.24% (95% CI 14.4 to 18.04) associated with omega-3, was cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the scientific literature on omega-3 fatty acids is a full force area of knowledge. The Anglo-Saxon institutions dominate the scientific production and it is mainly oriented to the study of cardiovascular disease.

[Presence and adequacy of the nutritional and eating disorders terminology in the Spanish and English editions of the Wikipedia]. / Presencia y adecuación de la terminología sobre desórdenes nutricionales y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en las ediciones española e inglesa de la Wikipedia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence and to assess the adequacy of the nutritional and eating disorders descriptors in the English and Spanish Wikipedia. METHOD: The terms were obtained from the thesaurus: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and APA-Terms. The existence of the terms was confirmed accessing to the Spanish and English editions of Wikipedia via the Internet (http://es.wikipedia.org/). The last date for consultation and calculations was June 8, 2012. RESULTS: A total of 89 descriptors were identified, being 56 (62.92%) of them as terms in the Wikipedia: 42 (47.19%) in the Spanish edition and 56 (62.92%) in English. Significant differences between the two editions were assessed (chi-square = 9.41, df = 1, P <0.001). At the same time, differences between both editions according to the number of references in each term were observed (t-Student = -2,43; gl = 84,87; p = 0,017). However, there were not differences in the status of information being update/obsolete, neither in the number of queries. CONCLUSIONS: The entries related to nutritional and eating disorders terms have not yet reached an optimum level. Differences between english and spanish Wikipedia editions are more related to criteria of content principles (term existence) than adequacy of information. The English edition of Wikipedia has a more scientific endorsement, through the references cited, than the Spanish edition.

[Wikipedia and wikinutrition: key tools for the global promotion of nutrition]. / Wikipedia y Wikinutrición: herramientas clave para la promoción global de la nutrición.

Wikipedia is an encyclopedia collaboratively edited by volunteers from around the world built on the Web since 2003. Today is the sixth most visited site on the Internet, making it the biggest hit of participatory democracy in the field of information dissemination. The English edition, with more than 3 million items, has become an indispensable part of the Internet and the largest and most popular reference work. In this context, it could be argued that Wikipedia is a valuable tool for the general knowledge of the nutritional sciences terminology. At the same time, it does not only facilitate access to knowledge but also can generate it. It also permits to socialize these spaces for collaboration and development, contributing therefore to disclose science to the society. Consequently, in this article we present and discuss the main features of Wikipedia, emphasizing above all its role in food science and nutrition.

[Quality of life questionnaire related to nutritional status]. / Cuestionario de calidad de vida relacionado con el estado nutricional (CaVEN).

OBJECTIVE: To build and validate an instrument to measure the perceived quality of life in the nutritional status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By focal groups and interviews with nutrition experts, the dimensions with greater affectation were identified. After the judge test, the CaVEN questionnaire was defined. For its valuation a multicentric study was performed, participating 7 Spanish hospitals. The internal structure of the questionnaire was evaluated by explanatory factorial analysis. Reliability was tested using the Cronbach α coefficient and the validity of the criteria with the nutritional Gold Standards. RESULTS: A questionnaire of 26 items with 6 health dimensions was built. It was applied to 68 patients that were valued in the Nutrition Units. The test KMO was 0.756, showing a good accuracy in the Factorial Analysis. The existence of principal dimension of inertia was found (Bartlett p < 0.01). The 6 dimensions showed an accumulative variance of 77.670. It was observed a direct relationship in the Subjective Global Valuation and CaVEN (p < 0.01) and with the "Mini Nutritional Assessment Short" (p = 0.02), which was interpreted as the greater affectation of the nutritional status, the lower the quality of life detected by the CaVEN. CONCLUSIONS: The CaVEN questionnaire has proved a useful tool for assessing the quality of life related to nutritional status, even in groups with little nutritional alterations.

Colaboradores que aparecen en los agradecimientos: olvido y reconocimiento de un incumplimiento / Collaborators that are mentioned in acknowledgements forgetfulness and recognition of a noncompliance

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[The reality of home-based parenteral nutrition in Spain]. / La realidad de la nutrición parenteral domiciliaria en España.

UNLABELLED: It is important to be acquainted with the magnitude and characteristics of Parental Home Nutrition NPD in Spain to fundamentally provide decision making in clinics as well as the steps to be taken based on knowledge. AIM: To be aware of the perception and characteristics of the NPD in Spain throughout the year 2008. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Description Time Research made in the 713 Spanish hospitals including those listed in the Health, Social, Social Political and Equanimity Ministry, which fulfilled the criterion inclusion during 2008. The Hospital Pharmacy Services were contacted through telephone survey. RESULTS: From the 713 hospital included, 62 (8,70%) carried out NPD, treating 228 patients, of which 201 (88,16%) were adults. The prevalence in Spain was of 4,91/10(6) inhabitants during 2008, being in adults 5,06/10(6) inhabitants and in children 4,01/10(6) inhabitants. The Autonomous Community of Madrid reached the highest prevalence 11,53/10(6) inhabitants. The Nutritional Units carried out the following up in 26 of the hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: With this work, a base for the future analysis and investigation about the situation of the NPD is established. It can also be a reference for different data bases.

La realidad de la nutrición parenteral domiciliaria en España / The reality of home-based parenteral nutrition in Spain

Es importante conocer la magnitud y características de la Nutrición Parenteral Domiciliaria NPD en España fundamentalmente para facilitar que la toma de decisiones tanto clínicas como de gestión se realicen basadas en el conocimiento. Objetivo: conocer el alcance y las características de la NPD en España durante el año 2008. Material y métodos: Estudio Descriptivo Transversal en los713 hospitales Españoles incluidos en el listado del Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión durante el año 2008. Se contactó con los Servicios de Farmacia Hospitalaria mediante encuesta telefónica. Resultados: De los 713 hospitales incluidos, 62 (8,70%) llevaron a cabo NPD, tratando a 228 pacientes, de los que 201 (88,16%) fueron adultos. La prevalencia en España de NPD fue de 4,91/106 habitantes durante el año 2008, siendo en adultos de 5,06 /106 habitantes yen niños 4,01/106 habitantes. La Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid fue lade mayor prevalencia 11,53/106 habitantes. El seguimiento lo realizaron las Unidades de Nutrición en 26 delos hospitales. Conclusiones: Con este trabajo se establece una base para futuros análisis e investigaciones sobre la situación de la NPD así como puede ser un referente para diferentes registros (AU)

It is important to be acquainted with the magnitude and characteristics of Parental Home Nutrition NPD in Spain to fundamentally provide decision making in clinics as well as the steps to be taken based on knowledge. Aim: To be aware of the perception and characteristics of the NPD in Spain throughout the year 2008. Material and methods: Description Time Research made in the 713 Spanish hospitals including those listed in the Health, Social, Social Political and Equanimity Ministry, which fulfilled the criterion inclusion during 2008. The Hospital Pharmacy Services were contacted through telephone survey. Results: From the 713 hospital included, 62 (8, 70%) carried out NPD, treating 228 patients, of which 201 (88, 16%) were adults. The prevalence in Spain was of 4,91/106 inhabitants during 2008, being in adults 5,06/106 inhabitants and in children 4,01/106 inhabitants. The Autonomous Community of Madrid reached the highest prevalence 11,53/106 inhabitants. The Nutritional Units carried out the following up in 26 of the hospitals. Conclusions: With this work, a base for the future analysis and investigation about the situation of the NPDis established. It can also be a reference for different databases (AU)